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Jin (), or Jinese, Jinhua or Jinyu, alternatively Shanxinese ( ''Shānxī Huà''), is a group of dialects of Chinese. Its exact status is disputed among linguists; some prefer to classify it under Mandarin, whereas others set it apart as an independent branch. Jin is spoken over most of Shanxi province, except for the lower Fen River valley; much of central Inner Mongolia; as well as adjoining areas in Hebei, Henan, and Shaanxi provinces. Cities covered within this area include Taiyuan, Zhangjiakou, Hohhot, Jiaozuo, and Yulin. In total, Jin is spoken by roughly 45 million people. ==Classification== Until the 1980s, Jin was universally considered to be a dialect of Mandarin Chinese. In 1985, however, Li Rong proposed that Jin should be considered a separate top-level grouping, similar to Cantonese or Wu Chinese (that is, its own dialect group). His main criterion was that Jin dialects had preserved the entering tone as a separate category, still marked with a glottal stop as in the Wu dialects, but distinct in this respect from the other Mandarin dialects. Other linguists have subsequently adopted this classification. However, some linguists still do not agree that Jin should be considered a separate dialect group. The main objections to classifying Jin as distinct from Mandarin are that: #Languages and dialect groups are not normally delineated based on a single feature, but rather on a cluster of features distinguishing the group from other related varieties, as well as mutual intelligibility. Use of a single diagnostic feature is inconsistent with the way that all other Chinese dialect groups have been delineated.〔 #Certain other Mandarin dialects also preserve the glottal stop, especially the Jianghuai dialects, and so far no linguist has claimed that these dialects should also be split off.〔 抄文引用元・出典: フリー百科事典『 ウィキペディア（Wikipedia）』 ■ウィキペディアで「Jin Chinese」の詳細全文を読む スポンサード リンク
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